As one of the instigators of New York City's No Wave scene of the early 1980s, Arto Lindsay and his band DNA explored the inflection point where punk and art-rock informed and changed each other. His noisy guitar excursions, intentionally nerdy four-eyes look, and understated singing were emblematic of the downtown music scene of the era. Lindsay refined his musical style over the ensuing years to include more pop elements (in his stint with the Golden Palominos supergroup and other ensembles) and, later, the Tropicalia, samba, and Bossa Nova that had influenced him as a teenager growing up in Brazil.