The mechanisms of action of Ketamine have demonstrated that by NMDA receptor inhibition fast and rapid functional and structural changes occur within the brain. Scientific studies have demonstrated that structural and functional changes occur when this compound is administered. Ketamine is a controversial drug. Nevertheless, the therapeutic efficacy and therapeutic outcome for individuals in a clinical setting is promising.

In addition, the blockage of NMDA receptors increases Glutamate within the brain which activates AMPA receptors which increases BDNF which is a molecule that promotes neuroplasticity. However, ketamine usage can be problematic when used in a recreational setting which can lead to a high potential of abuse. Ketamine treatment ought to be used under medical supervision in a clinical setting.